(PDF) Viability as a basis for performance measurement

Purpose – The paper sets out to apply the concepts of cybernetics and the control of probabilistic systems to the issue of performance measurement within organizations. Design/methodology/approach – Conventional approaches to Performance Measurement have been based on a mechanistic “target‐plan‐variance” model that was introduced into mainstream management practice in the 1950s. It has been subject to criticism from within both the academic and practitioners community over the last 50 years but ...